Kathryn Schulz Quotes
In 1972, The Psychologist Irving Janis Defined Groupthink As, "a Mode Of Thinking That People Engage In When They Are Deeply Involved In A Cohesive In-group, When The Members' Strivings For Unanimity Override Their Motivation To Realistically Appraise Alternative Courses Of Action." Groupthink Most Commonly Affects Homogenous, Close-knit Communities That Are Overly Insulated From Internal And External Criticism, And That Perceive Themselves As Different From Or Under Attack By Outsiders. Its Symptoms Include Censorship Of Dissent, Rejection Or Rationalization Of Criticisms, The Conviction Of Moral Superiority, And The Demonization Of Those Who Hold Opposing Beliefs. It Typically Leads To The Incomplete Or Inaccurate Assessment Of Information, The Failure To Seriously Consider Other Possible Options, A Tendency To Make Rash Decisions, And The Refusal To Reevaluate Or Alter Those Decisions Once They've Been Made.
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